Wheel Bearing Replacement
This playbook outlines the steps required to inspect and replace wheel bearings on a vehicle. It is intended to prevent wheel and handling issues that can arise from worn-out bearings.
Step 1: Safety Precautions
Ensure the vehicle is parked on a level surface. Apply the parking brake and place wheel chocks around the tires that will remain on the ground to prevent the vehicle from moving.
Step 2: Wheel Removal
Loosen the lug nuts on the wheel with the suspect bearing while the vehicle’s weight is on the wheel. Then, lift the vehicle using a jack and secure it on jack stands. Fully remove the lug nuts and take the wheel off.
Step 3: Caliper and Rotor
Remove the brake caliper and the brake caliper bracket, then remove the rotor. Make sure to securely support the caliper so that no tension is placed on the brake lines.
Step 4: Bearing Inspection
Inspect the wheel bearing for signs of wear or damage. Rotate the hub assembly and listen for noise, check for play or rough turning, which might indicate the need for replacement.
Step 5: Hub Assembly
Remove the hub assembly if the bearing needs replacement. This step may involve removing retaining bolts or nuts, and, in some cases, using a specialized puller tool.
Step 6: Bearing Replacement
Press out the old bearing and press in the new one, ensuring it is seated correctly. This often requires the use of a hydraulic press and bearing-specific adapters.
Step 7: Reassembly
Reinstall the hub assembly to the vehicle, followed by the rotor, the brake caliper bracket, and the brake caliper. Torque all bolts to the manufacturer's specifications.
Step 8: Wheel Installation
Reinstall the wheel onto the hub assembly. Screw on the lug nuts by hand at first to prevent cross-threading, and then tighten them in a star pattern only slightly. Lower the vehicle to the ground and torque the lug nuts to specification.
Step 9: Test Drive
After ensuring everything is secure, conduct a test drive to confirm that the wheel bearing functions properly. Listen for abnormal noises and pay attention to the vehicle's handling.
General Notes
Bearing Fit
Verify that the new bearing fits the make and model of the vehicle. Incorrectly sized bearings can lead to immediate failure.
Torque Specifications
Always use a torque wrench to adhere to the manufacturer's torque specifications for the vehicle's wheel bearings and related components.
Special Tools
Some vehicles require special tools to remove and install wheel bearings. Always check the service manual for the vehicle and arrange for the necessary equipment before starting the job.